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Operation Bagration (June 1944 - Dec. 1944)

Operation Bagration (June 1944 - Dec. 1944)

Operation Bagration was the codename for the Soviet 1944 Belorussian Strategic Offensive Operation during World War II, which cleared German forces from the Belorussian SSR and eastern Poland between June 22nd, 1944 and August 19th, 1944. The operation was named after 18th-19th century Georgian Prince Pyotr Bagration, general of the Russian army who received a mortal wound at the Battle of Borodino. The Soviet armies directly involved in Operation Bagration were the 1st Baltic Front under Army General Hovhannes Bagramyan, the 1st Belorussian Front commanded by Army General Konstantin Rokossovsky, who was promoted to Marshal on June 29th, 1944, the 2nd Belorussian Front commanded by Colonel-General G. F. Zakharov, and the 3rd Belorussian Front commanded by Colonel-General Ivan Chernyakhovsky. This action resulted in the almost complete destruction of the German Army Group Centre and three of its component armies: Fourth Army, Third Panzer Army and Ninth Army. The operation "was the most calamitous defeat of all the German armed forces in World War II". By the end of the operation most of the western Soviet Union had been liberated and the Red Army had achieved footholds in Romania and Poland.

The objectives of the operation are more complicated. The Red Army practiced the concept of Soviet Deep Operations, Soviet Deep Battle and Maskirovka, (military deception). It has been suggested the primary target of the Soviet offensive was bridgehead on the Vistula river in central Poland, and that Operation Bagration was to create a crisis in Belorussia to divert German mobile reserves to the central sectors as a part of Maskirovka, removing them from the Lublin-Brest, Lvov-Sandomierz area where the Soviets intended to undertake the Lvov-Sandomierz Offensive and Lublin-Brest Offensive. This allowed the Red Army to reach the Vistula river and Warsaw, which in turn put Soviet forces within striking distance of Berlin, conforming to the concept of Soviet deep operations - striking deep into the enemy's strategic depths.

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Soviet Bell P-39Q Airacobra Fighter - Colonel Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin, co 9 Gv. IAD, Eastern Front, 1944 Soviet Bell P-39N Airacobra Fighter - Col. Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin, co 9 Gv. IAD, Eastern Front, 1944 (1:72 Scale)

The P-39 was one of America's first-line pursuit planes in December 1941. It made its initial flight in April 1939 at Wright Field and by the time of the Pearl Harbor attack, nearly 600 had been built. Its unique engine location behind the cockpit caused some pilot concern, but this proved to be no more of a hazard in a crash landing than with an engine located forward of the cockpit.

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Soviet Lavochkin La-7 Fighter -  Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub, 240th IAP, 1945 Soviet Lavochkin La-7 Fighter - Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub, 240th IAP, 1945 (1:72 Scale)

The Lavochkin La-7 was a Soviet fighter aircraft of World War II. It was a development and refinement of the Lavochkin La-5, and the last in a family of aircraft that had begun with the LaGG-1 in 1938. By 1943, the La-5 had become a mainstay of the Soviet Air Force, yet both its head designer, Semyon Lavochkin, as well as the engineers at TsAGI ("Central Aerohydrodynamics Institute") felt that it could be improved upon.

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Soviet Bell P-39Q Airacobra Fighter - Colonel Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin, co 9 Gv. IAD, Eastern Front, 1944 Soviet Bell P-39N Airacobra Fighter - Col. Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin, co 9 Gv. IAD, Eastern Front, 1944 (1:72 Scale)

The P-39 was one of America's first-line pursuit planes in December 1941. It made its initial flight in April 1939 at Wright Field and by the time of the Pearl Harbor attack, nearly 600 had been built. Its unique engine location behind the cockpit caused some pilot concern, but this proved to be no more of a hazard in a crash landing than with an engine located forward of the cockpit.

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German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 Fighter - Erich Hartmann, White 1, 7./Jagdgeschwader 52, Hungary, 1944 German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 Fighter - Erich Hartmann, "White 1", 7./Jagdgeschwader 52, Hungary, 1944 (1:32 Scale)

Numerically the most abundant fighter produced by either side during WWII, the Messerschmitt Bf 109 formed the backbone of the Jagdwaffe on both the eastern and western fronts, as well as in the Mediterranean and North Africa. Of the eight distinct sub-types within the huge Bf 109 family, the most populous was the G-model, of which over 30,000 were built between 1941-45.

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German Focke-Wulf FW 190A-8/R8 Fighter - Hauptmann Wilhelm Moritz, IV/Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet", August 1944 German Focke-Wulf Fw 190A-8/R8 Fighter - Hauptmann Wilhelm Moritz, IV/Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet", August 1944 (1:48 Scale)

Nicknamed the "Butcher Bird," the Fw 190 was Germany's best air-to-ground fighter. Faster and more agile than the British Spitfire, it dominated the skies over Europe as a fighter and was the Luftwaffe's most important ground-attack aircraft.

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German Ju 87G-1 "Kanonenvogel" Dive-Bomber - Slovakia, 1944 German Junkers Ju 87G-1 "Kanonenvogel" Dive-Bomber - Slovakia, 1944 (1:72 Scale)

During the early to mid-stages of the Second World War, the Stuka (short for "sturzkampfflugzeug" or dive-bomber) struck terror in the hearts and minds of soldiers and civilians alike. The Stuka was a rugged machine, designed to swoop down and destroy its target using 500-lb bombs or tear into them using 37mm flak guns mounted underneath the wings.

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German Junkers Ju 87G-1 "Kanonenvogel" Dive-Bomber - Experimental Tank Fighting Unit German Junkers Ju 87G-1 "Kanonenvogel" Dive-Bomber - "Experimental Tank Fighting Unit" (1:72 Scale)

During the early to mid-stages of the Second World War, the Stuka (short for "sturzkampfflugzeug" or dive-bomber) struck terror in the hearts and minds of soldiers and civilians alike. The Stuka was a rugged machine, designed to swoop down and destroy its target using 500-lb bombs or tear into them using 37mm flak guns mounted underneath the wings.

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German Junkers Ju-87D-3 Stuka Dive-Bomber - 2./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 Immelmann, Pervomaisk, Ukraine, January 1944 German Junkers Ju-87D-3 Stuka Dive-Bomber - 2./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 "Immelmann", Pervomaisk, Ukraine, January 1944 (1:72 Scale)

During the early to mid-stages of the Second World War, the Stuka (short for "sturzkampfflugzeug" or dive-bomber) struck terror in the hearts and minds of soldiers and civilians alike. The Stuka was a rugged machine, designed to swoop down and destroy its target using 500-lb bombs or tear into them using 37mm flak guns mounted underneath the wings.

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German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - Erich "Bubi" Hartmann, 4./Jagdgeschwader 52, Hungary, 1944 German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - Erich "Bubi" Hartmann, 4./Jagdgeschwader 52, Hungary, 1944 (1:48 Scale)

Numerically the most abundant fighter produced by either side during WWII, the Messerschmitt Bf 109 formed the backbone of the Jagdwaffe on both the eastern and western fronts, as well as in the Mediterranean and North Africa. Of the eight distinct sub-types within the huge Bf 109 family, the most populous was the G-model, of which over 30,000 were built between 1941-45.

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German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - "Green 1", Hermann Graf, Jagdgeschwader 50, Neubiberg, Germany, September 1943 German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - "Green 1", Hermann Graf, Jagdgeschwader 50, Neubiberg, Germany, September 1943 (1:48 Scale)

Numerically the most abundant fighter produced by either side during WWII, the Messerschmitt Bf 109 formed the backbone of the Jagdwaffe on both the eastern and western fronts, as well as in the Mediterranean and North Africa. Of the eight distinct sub-types within the huge Bf 109 family, the most populous was the G-model, of which over 30,000 were built between 1941-45.

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German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - Erich "Bubi" Hartmann, 9./Jagdgeschwader 52, October 1943 German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - Erich "Bubi" Hartmann, 9./Jagdgeschwader 52, October 1943 (1:48 Scale)

Numerically the most abundant fighter produced by either side during WWII, the Messerschmitt Bf 109 formed the backbone of the Jagdwaffe on both the eastern and western fronts, as well as in the Mediterranean and North Africa. Of the eight distinct sub-types within the huge Bf 109 family, the most populous was the G-model, of which over 30,000 were built between 1941-45.

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German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - Heinrich Bartels, II./Jagdgeschwader 27 "Afrika", Greece, November 1943 German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - Heinrich Bartels, II./Jagdgeschwader 27 "Afrika", Greece, November 1943 (1:48 Scale)

Numerically the most abundant fighter produced by either side during WWII, the Messerschmitt Bf 109 formed the backbone of the Jagdwaffe on both the eastern and western fronts, as well as in the Mediterranean and North Africa. Of the eight distinct sub-types within the huge Bf 109 family, the most populous was the G-model, of which over 30,000 were built between 1941-45.

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German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - "Christl", Gerhard Barkhorn, II./Jagdgeschwader 52, Ukraine, September 1943 German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - "Christl", Gerhard Barkhorn, II./Jagdgeschwader 52, Ukraine, September 1943 (1:48 Scale)

Numerically the most abundant fighter produced by either side during WWII, the Messerschmitt Bf 109 formed the backbone of the Jagdwaffe on both the eastern and western fronts, as well as in the Mediterranean and North Africa. Of the eight distinct sub-types within the huge Bf 109 family, the most populous was the G-model, of which over 30,000 were built between 1941-45.

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Croatian Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - Mato Dukovic, Jagdgeschwader 52, Crimea, April 1944 Croatian Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 "Gustav" Fighter - Mato Dukovic, Jagdgeschwader 52, Crimea, April 1944 (1:48 Scale)

Numerically the most abundant fighter produced by either side during WWII, the Messerschmitt Bf 109 formed the backbone of the Jagdwaffe on both the eastern and western fronts, as well as in the Mediterranean and North Africa. Of the eight distinct sub-types within the huge Bf 109 family, the most populous was the G-model, of which over 30,000 were built between 1941-45.

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German Junkers Ju 52-3mg7E Tri-Motor Minesweeper - MSGr1, PD+KH, Budaross Airfield, Hungary, 1944 German Junkers Ju 52-3mg7E Tri-Motor Minesweeper - MSGr1, PD+KH, Budaross Airfield, Hungary, 1944 (1:72 Scale)

Like the USAF C-47, the Junkers Ju 52 tri-motor was first built in the 1930s and remained in service for more than a quarter century. It made its maiden flight in April 1931, and three years later a heavy bomber variant entered service with the German Luftwaffe.

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